PERIODONTAL HEALTH AND PREGNANCY

The link between pregnancy and periodontal inflammation has been known for many years. Current research implies periodontal disease may alter the systemic health of the patient and adversely affect the well being of the fetus by elevating the risk for low birth-weight, preterm infants. The occurence of pregnancy gingivitis is extremely common, occuring in 30% to 100% of all pregnant women. It is characterized by redness, swelling, enlarged gums and increased bleeding (gingivitis). Cases range from mild to severe inflammation which can progress to severe from mild to severe inflammation which can progress to severe hyperplasia, pain and bleeding. Periodontal status before pregnancy may influence the progression or severity as the circulation hormones fluctuates.